Technical publications

This is the report of a livelihoods study team working together with villagers from Dang Tong Village in Kampong Chhnang Province, Cambodia. In general, villagers are skilled in farming and mat weaving, but some villagers also have individual skills such as carpentry, boat making, hairdressing and fixing machines. Although this village is in the Tonle Sap (Great Lake) area, which has the most plentiful supply of fresh fish in the country, the villagers are subsistence fishers.

The main objective of the study is to understand the villagers’ standard of living, hardship, external impact, present and future demand. The team interviewed with 15 to 60 villagers including men, women, young and old villagers, represented 135 families in the village. The main occupations of the villagers are farmers cultivating rice on 299 hectares of seasonal rice and 61.8 hectares dry season rice and fishers. Beside that, they have other occupations such as repairers, making thatch.

This study examines the development of the Community Fisheries Sub-Decree. From its promulgation in late 2000 through its draft form in June 2002, this sub-decree has gone through over 25 drafts. Initially, the writing process involved the public intimately: community meetings were conducted, NGOs contributed their knowledge and expertise, and then, with these consultations in mind, the newly-formed Community Fisheries Development Office (CFDO) in the Department of Fisheries (DoF) drafted the sub-decree.

This document is the Inception Report of the DFID NRSP Research Project R8100 (March 2002 – May 2003), managed by the NACA. The purpose of the project is to identify, test and promote mechanisms for the delivery of improved rural services critical to the development of rural livelihoods, with emphasis on services in support of aquaculture objectives, strengths and constraints of marginalised groups and their complex diverse livelihoods. An inception visit was made from 17-24 March 2002. 

This article discusses a process for transacting pro-poor policy change is discussed drawing on examples in aquaculture from India. Based on research and development experience in Bihar, West Bengal and Orissa, and some further work in the western and central regions covering tribal populations, the Fisheries Development Commissioner encouraged the NACA-STREAM Initiative to recommend reforms under the FFDA scheme or even suggest a new “tribal” rainfed farming component that could be launched in the next year.

STREAM is a regional initiative that will support capacity building among local government institutions, NGOs, and community groups involved in aquatic resources management. It will support community-based learning initiatives, develop a regional communications and learning strategy and support on-going policy and institutional changes in the region to enable aquatic resources users to participate more effectively in policy-making processes, and encouraging the development of more responsive government institutions.

This paper reports on the development of a communication dissemination strategy for aquaculture recommendations resulting from participatory research in eastern India. It focuses on the rural poor who have limited access to resources and no effective aquaculture extension support. Important matters in relation to access to extension messages include socio-economic issues, access to TV and radio receivers, literacy levels and language. The paper shows the relative accessibility of different types of extension media for the different stakeholders.

An investigation on the effect of application of livestock manure, the biomass of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and Colicin population and distribution of Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and pathogenic bacteria of the human digestive tract which are also present in the body mucus of black carp, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp as well as in pond water (on the application of manure of chicken, duck, cow and pig) was conducted in the fish farming areas in Wuxi, China.

This training manual on scallop and sea cucumber hatchery and aquaculture techniques was prepared for the Scallop and Sea Cucumber Breeding and Culture Training Course, conducted by the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute in Qindao, People’s Republic of China and organised by the Regional Seafarming Development and Demonstration Project in May 1991.

This publication describes the culture practices and socio-economic aspects of snakehead farming in Thailand circa 1985. It covers snakehead biology, culture systems, site selection, stocking and rearing, feeding and health aspects. The paper also describes economic profile of snakehead farmers, seed procurement, feed costs and feeding issues, fixed, variable and opportunitic costs of production. It also investigates the relationship between farmer experience, farm size, and profitability of snakehead farming.

Ths paper enumerates different carp integrated farming systems being prevalent in Asia along with successful case studies indicating potential and constraints of such systems. It recommends to integrate carp farming with agriculture and irrigation, livestock farming, sewage utilisation and water pollution control not only to increase the productivity of land and water and improve the economic conditions of poor farmers but also to maintain health and hygiene of the rural poor and city dwellers alike.

The farming of the giant freshwater prawn has expanded rapidly in Thailand. Production has increased from less than 3 tons/year in 1976 to an estimated output of more than 1,200 tons in 1982. This rapid growth was largely stimulated by the Chachoengsao Fisheries Station established solely to promote culture of the prawn. Services of the station comprise the production and free distribution of post-larvae from 1976-1978, along with training and extension programmes.

This document briefly describes the status of the aquaculture in the Regional Aquaculture Lead Centre for Thailand circa 1981, in terms of available species and research priorities. Work was conducted on air-breathing catfish Clarias batrachus, snakehead Channa striatus, giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, silver barb Puntius gonionotus, snakeskin gourami Trichogaster pectoralis, mussels Perna viridis and oysters Crassostrea spp. Includes brief descriptions of culture methods prevalent for these species at the time.