This case study is based on review of existing publications/reports as well as results arising from the conduct of selected participatory consultations among concerned stakeholder at different levels – from national to local level. It is divided into three main sections, namely: 1) Background review on shrimp aquaculture in Bangladesh. The review was used to identify specific issues, and formed the basis for the more detailed research. 2) Results from a case study of farm management practices, hatcheries and wild shrimp fry collection and 3) Results from a case study on the social aspects of shrimp aquaculture, based on detailed local level studies in the Khulna region.