In this issue:

• From risk to resilience: Innovative crop insurance solutions for securing shrimp aquaculture in India
• Efforts to rejuvenate primary fisher cooperative societies in South 24 Parganas District, West Bengal
• Captive production of Gangetic mystus (Mystus cavasius): A guide for farmers
• Shrimp farm biosecurity in Saudi Arabia: A journey from past practices to future vision
• Wolffia globosa (duckweed) in aquafeeds for profitability and eco-friendly sustainable aquaculture
• NACA Newsletter

Shrimp aquaculture in Saudi Arabia has evolved significantly since its inception in the 1990s, transitioning from freshwater tilapia farming to large-scale marine shrimp production, primarily focused on Penaeus vannamei. This shift was driven by market demand, environmental suitability, and the impact of disease outbreaks such as white spot syndrome. However, early development faced major biosecurity challenges, including inadequate regulation, limited local hatchery capacity, insufficient disease monitoring, and a lack of trained personnel.

In recent years, the Ministry of Environment, Water & Agriculture (MEWA) has undertaken a comprehensive reform of shrimp farm biosecurity, aligned with the country’s Vision 2030 objectives. This includes regulatory controls on live shrimp imports, development of disease monitoring infrastructure, biosecurity training, and enhanced collaboration with private sector and academic institutions. MEWA has also promoted technology transfer, workforce development, and sustainable hatchery expansion. While progress is evident, future priorities include improving local broodstock availability, expanding real-time disease diagnostics, and strengthening biosecurity human resource capacity to ensure long-term industry stability and resilience.

India's brackishwater aquaculture sector, particularly shrimp farming, holds immense potential but remains largely underexploited despite its significant contribution to global shrimp production and exports. Small-scale farmers, who form the backbone of this industry, face substantial challenges including limited access to credit and insurance, poor management practices, and vulnerability to disease outbreaks and extreme weather events. These risks lead to considerable crop losses and hinder the sector's stability and growth. This article underscores the critical role of crop insurance as a vital risk management tool to mitigate these financial losses, secure livelihoods, and promote the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in India.

This article details the risks associated with shrimp farming, such as climatic events, disease outbreaks, market volatility, and financial constraints. It also outlines comprehensive risk management strategies, including the adoption of better management practices, biosecurity measures, and contingency planning. The article identifies key challenges faced by both farmers and insurers and presents innovative solutions and strategic recommendations for developing more effective and inclusive shrimp crop insurance products.

With the implementation of new aquatic animal disease reporting arrangements from January 2021 NACA is publishing reported aquatic animal diseases submitted by countries in the Asia-Pacific region. This report covers the fourth quarter of 2024 and the original and updated reports can be accessed from the QAAD page.

The project evaluated the effectiveness of various types of nature-based solution (NbS) in Fiji that contribute to climate change resilience by enabling off-grid farm operations and reducing reliance on costly fossil fuels. Aquaculture enterprises were assessed for this project based on the NbS they utilised and the potential benefits they offer in mitigating climate change impacts and enhancing production systems in Fiji. Four enterprises were selected, and their descriptions are provided within.