The case study for this report was conducted in the coastal village Pematang Pasir, Sumatra, Indonesia. Pematang Pasir hosts a pilot project promoting environmentally and responsible shrimp aquaculture implemented by the Indonesian Coastal Resources Management Project. This paper describes the lessons learned to date and offers strategies for community-based coastal resource management, which can be used in a broader perspective as more general guidelines for community-based and participatory development of shrimp aquaculture in marginalised coastal areas.